International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience (IJPAB)
Year : 2017, Volume : 5, Issue : 2
First page : (576) Last page : (584)
Article doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.2688
Estimation of Genetic Divergence of Indian Zebu Cattle in Association with Molecular Genetic Approach and its Implication in Livestock Improvement: A Review
Sanjoy Datta1*, Nirmal Kumar Tudu2, Chittapriya Ghosh3 and Shyam Sundar Kesh4
1Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, WBUAFS
2Assistant Professor, Department of Vety. Anatomy & Histology, WBUAFS
3Assistant Professor, Department of ILFC, WBUAFS
4Assistant Professor, Department of TVCC, WBUAFS
*Corresponding Author E-mail: drsanjoydatta@gmail.com
Received: 15.03.2017 | Revised: 26.03.2017 | Accepted: 27.03.2017
ABSTRACT
Cattle are our most important livestock species because of their production and role in human culture. But the historic origin of the diverse phenotypes is not always clear. The domestication of taurine cattle initiated 10 000 years ago in the Near East from a wild aurochs (Bos primigenius) population followed by their dispersal through migration of agriculturalists to Europe. Population admixture analysis indicates a zebu gene flow in the Balkan and Italian Podolic cattle populations. Our analysis supports the previous report of gene flow between British and Irish primitive cattle populations and local aurochs. In addition, we show evidence of aurochs gene flow in the Iberian cattle populations indicating wide geographical distribution of the aurochs. We conclude that in addition to factors such as ancient human migrations, isolation by distance and cross-breeding, gene flow between domestic and wild-cattle populations also has shaped genomic composition of European cattle populations. Archeological data are now supplemented by analyses of modern and ancient samples of cattle with DNA markers of maternal, paternal, or autosomal inheritance. The most recent genetic data suggest that maternal lineages of taurine cattle originated in the Fertile Crescent with a possible contribution of South-European wild cattle populations, while zebu cattle originate from the Indus Valley. Subsequently, cattle accompanied human migrations, which led to the dispersal of domestic cattle of taurine, indicine or mixed origin over Asia, Africa, Europe and the New World. This has resulted in their adaptation to different environments and considerable variation in appearance and performance.
Key words: Domestication, Aurochs cattle, zebu cattle, Domestic cattle
Full Text : PDF; Journal doi : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782
Cite this article: Datta, S., Tudu, N.K., Ghosh, C. and Kesh, S.S., Estimation of Genetic Divergence of Indian Zebu Cattle in Association with Molecular Genetic Approach and its Implication in Livestock Improvement: A Review, Int. J. Pure App. Biosci.5(2): 576-584 (2017). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.2688
