International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience (IJPAB)
Year : 2017, Volume : 5, Issue : 2
First page : (506) Last page : (512)
Article doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.2590
Agrometeorological-Heat and Energy use of Kinnow Mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour * Citrus deliciosa Tenore)
R.P.S. Dalal1*, Anil Kumar2 and Raj Singh2
1Department of Horticulture
2Department of Agricultural Meteorology
College of Agriculture (COA), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
*Corresponding Author E-mail: anilmeteo@gmail.com
Received: 13.02.2017 | Revised: 25.02.2017 | Accepted: 26.02.2017
ABSTRACT
Field experiment was conducted from 2011 to 2014 at Experimental Orchard, Department of Horticulture, CCS HAU, Hisar. Present study was carried out to determine the different agrometeorological indices, thermo-heat, hydro and energy utilization for the completion of different phenophases from flower bud initiation to physiological fruit maturity in kinnow mandarin in the semi arid region where annual rainfall is 450 mm and maximum temperature goes up to >46°C, number of heat wave as horizontal advection (summer) and minimum temperature <1.0°C (in winter) or grass minimum temperature ranged -0.3 to -9.3 °C (winter month of Dec. to Feb.) specially during the fruit harvesting to first flower initiation period. The average values for four consecutive year data revealed the utilization of thermal, heat, energy and photosynthetic active radiation under field condition. First flower bud initiation varies 21st February to 5th March in respective year, number of day taken from the fruit harvesting to next first flower bud initiation ranged 52 to 64 days, FFBI to DFF ranged 15 to 18 days, DFF to TF ranged 11 to 16 days, TF to DF 12 to 16 days and IFFS to FH 213 to 216 days. Radiation use efficiency was highest 20.46 kg ha-1 MJ-1 and lowest 15.84 kg ha-1 MJ-1, the highest HYTU was at DF to IFFS phenophase, PTI varies 68.9 to 74 0C, Heat use efficiency (6.62 kg ha-1°C day) was highest in the year 2013, required the lower amount of degree days units for the production of higher fruit yield and lowest HUE (4.77 kg ha-1°C day) in 2012 to produce lower fruit yield. The highest hydrothermal unit was observed in the year 2011; maximum HYTU 318902 °C day % in FH to IFFS as compared to other year and phenophases and efficient optimum utilization of heat unit in 2013 and similar trend were observed with the other efficiency in consecutive years.
Key words: Kinnow, Degree day, thermal indices, efficiencies, radiation, hydrothermal unit.
Full Text : PDF; Journal doi : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782
Cite this article: Dalal, R.P.S., Kumar, A. and Singh, R., Agrometeorological-Heat and Energy use of Kinnow Mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour * Citrus deliciosa Tenore), Int. J. Pure App. Biosci.5(2): 506-512 (2017). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.2590
