International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience (IJPAB)
Year : 2016, Volume : 4, Issue : 5
First page : (1) Last page : (16)
Article doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.2374
Biodiesel and Bioethanol Production from Ulva fasciata Delie Biomass via Enzymatic Pretreatment using Marine-Derived Aspergillus niger
Mustafa. A. Ghazal, Hassan A.H. Ibrahim, Nayrah A. Shaltout and Alaa. E. Ali
aMarine Chemistry Dep., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
bMarine Microbiology Dep., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
cChemistry Dep. Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
*Corresponding Author E-mail: nshaltout@gmail.com
Received: 12.09.2016 | Revised: 23.09.2016 | Accepted: 25.09.2016
Abstract
In this context, a green seaweed Ulva fasciata was selected as a potential feedstock for cellulase hydrolysis for the aim of producing bioethanol and the remaining treated algae were subjected to lipid extraction for biodiesel production. Five marine-derived fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium oryzae, Penicillium chrysogenum, and Rhizopus oryzae) were screened to produce cellulase for breaking down the algal cell wall. The extracted cellulase obtained by A. niger showed the highest cellulase activity (mm, Uml-1), specific activity (Umg-1 protein) and protein content (mgml-1) as; 25mm, 3.24Uml-1, 0.121Umg-1 protein and 18.6 mgml-1, respectively. In addition, the crude cellulase showed higher activity (2.5 Uml-1) and specific activity (20.83Uml-1) than semi purified enzyme with acetone (0.42Uml-1) and with ammonium sulfate (0.14Uml-1). Moreover, commercial cellulose (CMCase; EC 3.2.1.4) also applied for algal cell wall hydrolysis and its efficiency was compared to the Aspergillus niger crude enzyme. Different pre-treatment schemes were applied in order to achieve the highest cell wall degradation, and then lipid extraction. The highest quantity and the greatest quality of biodiesel was achieved by applying the following treatment, thermal pretreatment with 1% H2SO4 pre to biological treatment either with 3% commercial cellulase or with 1% crude cellulase enzyme. The produced biodiesel in both cases showed a great improvement in total fatty acid ΣFA content (3605.44 and 3528.11 µg/g for 3% commercial and 1% crude enzymes respectively), and total saturated fatty acids ΣSUFA content jumped to 3259.93 and 3282.38 µg/g for 3% commercial and 1% crude enzymes respectively. It is worth identifying that this scheme (thermal with 1% H2SO4 pre to 1% crude enzyme) transcends the other scheme for the coast value factor which let crude enzyme surpass commercial enzyme. In later step, S. cerevisiae fermented wasted reducing sugars with concentration 51.75gl-1 produce bioethanol of 24.77mgg-1. The efficiency of conversion process improved upon time intervals, it reached 93.88% after 7 days with ethanol yield 3.14%.
Key words: Ulva fasciata; Cellulase; Biodiesel; Bioethanol; Enzymatic pretreatment.
Full Text : PDF; Journal doi : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782
Cite this article: Ghazal, M.A., Ibrahim, H.A.H., Shaltout, N.A. and Ali, A.E., Biodiesel and Bioethanol Production from Ulva fasciata DelieBiomass via Enzymatic Pretreatment using Marine-DerivedAspergillus niger, Int. J. Pure App. Biosci.4(5): 1-16 (2016). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.2374
