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In the whole environment, one of the most vital contaminations is caused by the petrochemical industries,
products, effluents which is released from the petrochemical industries, road accidents, ship accidents
etc. These petroleum products contain the carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds which are known as
poly aromatic hydrocarbons. In the present picture of world a major environmental pollution of soil and
water is due to hydrocarbon contamination resulting by the petrochemical industries, refineries, human
activities etc. The better understanding of the mechanisms and factors which affect biodegradation is of
great ecological significance, since the choice of bioremediation strategy depends on it. For successful
implementation of bioremediation technologies on contaminated areas must be depends upon the
characteristics of the contaminated site and a complex system of many factors that affect the petroleum
hydrocarbons biodegradation processes The main factors which limit the overall biodegradation rate can
be grouped as: soil characteristics, contaminant characteristics, bioavailability, microorganism’s
number, catabolism evolution etc. In order to adopt and implement some effective bioremediation
strategy it is extremely important to consider and understand those limiting factors. The present study
explains some factors which can the rate of biodegradation process.
Keywords: Polyaromatic hydrocarbons; factors; biodegradation; bioremediation etc.