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Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences (IJPAB)
Year : 2020, Volume : 8, Issue : 4
First page : (97) Last page : (102)
Article doi: : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8227

A New Heat Tolerant Potato Variety Kufri Lima Suitable for Early Planting in North-Western Plains of India

Satyender Kumar Yadav^1*, Sushma Arya², Samendru Mohanty², Mohinder Kadian² and Satish Luthra^3
1Potato Technology Centre, Karnal, India 132001
²International Potato Centre, New Delhi 110001
³Central Potato Research Institute, Modipuram, India
*Corresponding Author E-mail: satyender.yadav@rediffmail.com
Received: 18.04.2020  |  Revised: 26.05.2020   |  Accepted: 5.06.2020 

 ABSTRACT

Kufri Lima is an early maturing, heat tolerant and disease resistant potato variety with ovoid tubers, white-cream smooth skin, eyes shallow and pale cream flesh. It is resistant to PYX, PVY & moderately resistant to root knot nematode, susceptible to late blight. Kufri Lima is tolerant to hopper and mite burn under heat stress conditions. The produce of Kufri Lima is suitable for table purpose as the variety produces attractive, tubers without any deformities like cracking or hollow heart. The variety produces high tuber yield with high tuber dry matter.

Keywords: Potato, Clones, Varieties, Disease resistant, Heat tolerant,

Full Text : PDF; Journal doi : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782

Cite this article: Yadav, S.K., Arya, S., Mohanty, S., Kadian, M., & Luthra, S. (2020).  A New Heat Tolerant Potato Variety Kufri Lima Suitable for Early Planting in North-Western Plains of India, Ind. J. Pure App. Biosci. 8(4), 97-102. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8227

INTRODUCTION

The elite CIP clone 397065.28 (CP4054) developed at International potato center (CIP), Lima Peru in 1997 was brought to India in 2007 under ICAR-CIP collaborative programme on potato crop improvement. In India, the advanced clone was evaluated for early planting conditions. A collaborative study was initiated at Shamgarh, Karnal, Haryana during 2008-16 to identify its suitability for semi-arid, agro-ecology of Haryana under AICRP trials. Being elite advanced clone, it was not bred in India, it was released directly from clone. Kufri Lima is high yielding varieties for early heat tolerant regions for early planting conditions in Indian plains with good keeping quality for table purpose.
To meet the needs of the increasing population of the country, the production of potato in the country has to be increased to 122 million tons by 2050 and the productivity from 23 tons to 35 tons per hectare (CPRI, 2015). To meet this production target there are plenty of challenges ahead for India in general and Haryana in particular. These include seed potato production under climate change scenario, the development of climate smart cultivars for the changed climate and increase in productivity by making quality seed available to the farmers.
Further, Haryana required potato varieties with qualities of early planting, heat tolerance and virus resistance, in order to fit in the rice-wheat crop system in non-traditional warmer districts of Haryana. The early harvest of short duration varieties would allow better market prices to farmers as well.
The heat tolerance and disease resistance are the very important criteria for the new varieties to sustain the production for future needs of India. Hence, studies were initiated at Potato Technology Centre, Shamgarh, Karnal, Haryana in collaboration with International Potato Centre (CIP), Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI) to identify suitable varieties for semi-arid, agro-ecology of Haryana for creating better income opportunities for the farmers.  Experiments were planned at PTC, Shamgarh with the objective to select robust, early heat tolerant and virus resistant potato varieties and to strengthen institutional capacity for quality seed production at farm-level and participatory multiple-environment selection of climate smart varieties to cater to the needs of the farmers of Haryana. Karnal had been always a very important district to evaluate the suitability of Kufri Lima in northern plains. There is need to extend the potato cultivation in the non-traditional districts of Haryana with heat tolerant early bulking varieties hence a project under RKVY for quality seed potato cultivation has been working for past two years, and Kufri Lima had been found a suitable for production of seed for Kufri Lima, as this has been one of the preferred variety by farmers since long. 

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Under AICRP one of the districts selected was Karnal for evaluating suitability of CP-4054 (Kufri Lima) for heat tolerance and disease resistance at Haryana. This clone from CIP was evaluated in the early Rabi season from 15 September onwards with the early heat tolerant check varieties like K. Surya after primary trial evaluation in warmer district Ladol of Gujarat. Under AICRP, replicated yield trials with controls were conducted during 2011-17 at Karnal, Haryana along with 2 other districts like Ladol, at Gujarat and Burdwan at West Bengal.
Since the study emphasise to find the suitable varieties for non-traditional areas of Haryana the trials, evaluations and results discussed are from AICRP (All India coordinated research project) trials conducted at PTC Karnal, Haryana. In AICRP, replicated yield trials with controls were conducted during 2011-12 and 2012-13 at Karnal along with the on-farm trials conducted during 2013-14 Karnal, 2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17. The CP4054 (Kufri Lima) performed well at all the locations than the control.
REPLICATED TRIALS
The results of evaluation of CP4054 (Kufri Lima) during 2011-12 & 2012-13 at Karnal (Kufri Badshah, Kufri Bahar & Kufri Surya), reflected its superiority for total and marketable tuber yield over the controls in crop planted 15-20 days early than main season (Table 2, 3, 4). On overall basis, CP4054 (Kufri Lima) with 46 t/ha yield recorded nearly 15 % yield increase over-heat tolerant variety Kufri Surya with 40 t/ha yield and CP4054 (Kufri Lima) also produced 95% marketable tuber yield as compared to Kufri Surya produced 94% marketable yield at 90 days crop duration.
Distinguishing morphological characters of CP4054 (Kufri Lima)      
Plant: Medium, plant canopy compact, stem thick, predominantly green, red brown highly scattered throughout, wings highly developed and straight.
Plant Height: Medium 55-60 cm
Foliage: Grey green, leaves intermediate, leaf width medium, leaflets ovate, leaflet coalescence absent, rachis coloured, midrib green.
Flower: Flowering medium, inflorescence medium, floral stalk colored, floral stalk- pedicle articulation clearly visible and located above the middle, calyx colored, corolla red violet, white acumen, corolla shape semi- stellate, anther yellow, anther cone normally developed, stylar length equal with stamen column and stigma uni-lobed.
Tubers: Tubers (5-7), ovoid, skin white-cream, eyes shallow, eyebrows normal, flesh cream, texture mealy.
Sprout: Sprout red purple, shape conical, pubescence at sprout
Early bulker (80DAP) but best at Medium (90 DAP)
Agronomic features: The following norms are recommended
Planting time: 15-20 days early planting than main season crop with Seed rate of 35-40 q/ha, Seed size: 40-60 gram with Spacing of 60 x 20 cm in a Normal regional fertilizer application using 50% N at the time of planting and 50% N at earthing up.
Plant protection is achieved by Imidacloprid 200 SL, @ 0.3ml/litre or Thiamethoxam 25WGm, @0.5g/litre (seed crop only).
Yield Performance of Kufri Lima
The AICRP Trials were conducted from 2011-17 before it could be released as variety for which the yield of marketable tuber and total tuber yield were taken the criteria’s to evaluate for already existing similar varieties for heat tolerance and early bulking like Kufri Surya, Kufri Bahar and in few instance with Kufri Badshah.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Evaluation of CP-4054 (Kufri Lima) clones dehaulmed at 90 days
By dehaulming at 90 DAS, maximum pooled mean total tuber yield was recorded under AICRP year 2011-12 of CP-4054 (Kufri Lima) (41.15 t/ha) followed by Kufri Surya (32.17 t/ha), followed by Kufri Badshah (27.15 Mt/ha) and Kufri Bahar (31.6 t/ha) in succession (Table 1). Similarly in year 2012-13 of CP-4054 (Kufri Lima) produced (40.54 t/ha) followed by Kufri Surya (31.24 t/ha), followed by Kufri Badshah (26.1 Mt/ha) and Kufri Bahar (19.22 t/ha) in succession (Table 1). This indicated Kufri Lima’s suitability for Karnal and other districts of Haryana.

The mean performance of CP-4054 (Kufri Lima) was compared with Kufri Surya, the total tuber yield was recorded under AICRP year 2011-12 and 2012-13 showed a remarkable difference (Table 2). This indicated CP-4054 suitability for short duration early maturity at Karnal.

Table 6. Keeping quality of CP4054 (Kufri Lima) at 75 days in AICRP trials during 2013-15 at karnal, Haryana
Keeping quality	CP-4054 (Kufri Lima)	Kufri Surya	Kufri Badshah	Kufri Bahar
Dormancy period (weeks)	>6	-	-	-
Physiological weight loss (%)	9.14	10.55	9.31	7.82
Total weight loss (%)	9.98	10.55	13.47	9.9

CONCLUSION

Advantages of CP4054 (Kufri Lima) over Kufri Surya in several parameters like higher tuber yield (up to 22%) in north Indian plains in 15-20 days early crop than main season crop, attractive white-cream ovoid tuber shape and shallow eyes, good keeping quality. Tubers do not show deformities like cracking or hollow heart. A good keeper under country store conditions and possesses medium tuber dormancy period: >6 weeks. It possesses 19% tuber dry matter content. It is easy to cook (15-20 minutes). Peeling losses are minimal due to ovoid shape and shallow eyes. Cooked/boiled potato has acceptable aroma, mealy texture and good palatability. Above all the preference by the farmers specially made the hybrid CP4054 (Kufri Lima) to be released as potato variety Kufri Lima for cultivation in North Indian plains.

REFERENCES

CPRI. (2015). Vision 2050. ICAR-CIPRI, Shimla. P 33.
IASRI. (2019). Agricultural Research Data Book 2019. ICAR-IASRI, New Delhi. pp 161.